What is high-grade serous carcinoma?
High-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) is the most common type of ovarian cancer, accounting for about 3 out of 4 cases. It's an aggressive form that develops when cells in the ovaries, fallopian tubes, or peritoneum (the lining of the abdomen) grow out of control.
Interestingly, researchers Show Full Answer
What is high-grade serous carcinoma?
High-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) is the most common type of ovarian cancer, accounting for about 3 out of 4 cases. It's an aggressive form that develops when cells in the ovaries, fallopian tubes, or peritoneum (the lining of the abdomen) grow out of control.
Interestingly, researchers have discovered that many cases actually begin in the fallopian tubes and later spread to the ovaries. This is why ovarian, fallopian tube, and peritoneal cancers are often grouped together.
What makes it "high-grade"?
The term "high-grade" refers to how abnormal the cancer cells look under a microscope. High-grade cells look very different from normal cells and grow and spread quickly, which makes this type particularly aggressive.
What causes HGSC?
HGSC develops due to gene changes. Nearly 19 out of 20 people with this cancer have changes in a gene called TP53. About 1 in 4 people also have BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene mutations, which are often inherited from family members.
Why is it often found late?
Most cases are discovered after the cancer has begun to spread because early symptoms are usually vague, like bloating. There are currently no high-quality screening tests for early detection. Treatment options:
Treatment typically includes:
- Surgery to remove as much cancer as possible
- Chemotherapy (often with drugs like paclitaxel)
- Targeted therapies, especially for those with BRCA mutations
- Clinical trials offering access to new medications
Prognosis factors:
Several factors affect outlook:
- Stage at diagnosis: Early-stage cancer confined to the ovary has a 93% five-year survival rate, while metastatic cancer has a 31% rate
- Age: People younger than 65 tend to have better outcomes
- Overall health: Other factors also play a role
The average survival time is 3.3 years after diagnosis, though this varies significantly based on individual circumstances.
Your oncologist can provide more personalized information about your specific situation and treatment options.
January 13
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